2025-01-02

沒什麼組織、一些倏忽即逝有趣或不有趣的想法

• Nix 初探
  • Installation - https://nix.dev/install-nix
    • sh <(curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install)
    • What it does:
      • Install Nix package manager
      • Create a new profile for the current user
      • Add the Nix profile to the user's shell profile
      • Based on the installation log, here are the critical changes Nix made to your machine:

        • File System Changes: (this is because macOS now (starting in 10.15 Catalina) has a read-only root directory. To support Nix, it will create a volume and configure macOS to mount it at /nix)
          Created a dedicated encrypted volume called "Nix Store" mounted at /nix
          Modified /etc/synthetic.conf to create the mount point
          Modified /etc/fstab to specify volume mount options

        • User and Group Creation:
          Created a system group called nixbld with GID 350
          Created 32 system users (_nixbld1 through _nixbld32) with UIDs 351-382
          All build users are:
          Set to have /var/empty as home directory
          Disabled from logging in
          Added to the nixbld group
          Hidden from the system

        • Directory Structure:
          Created several directories under /nix, including:
          install: mkdir /nix/var
install: mkdir /nix/var/log
install: mkdir /nix/var/log/nix
install: mkdir /nix/var/log/nix/drvs
install: mkdir /nix/var/nix
install: mkdir /nix/var/nix/db
install: mkdir /nix/var/nix/gcroots
install: mkdir /nix/var/nix/profiles
install: mkdir /nix/var/nix/temproots
install: mkdir /nix/var/nix/userpool
install: mkdir /nix/var/nix/daemon-socket
install: mkdir /nix/var/nix/gcroots/per-user
install: mkdir /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user
install: mkdir /nix/store
install: mkdir /etc/nix

        • Shell Configuration:
          Backed up and modified shell configuration files:
          /etc/bashrc
/etc/zshrc
          Added Fish shell configurations
          Added Nix environment setup scripts to these files (e.g. execute . '/nix/var/nix/profiles/default/etc/profile.d/nix-daemon.sh')

        • System Services:
          Created a LaunchDaemon at /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.nixos.nix-daemon.plist
          Set up a service to automatically mount the Nix volume

        • Package Management:
          Installed Nix package manager under /nix/store/
          Set up the default profile with basic packages including SSL certificates (nss-cacert)

          These changes make Nix work as a separate package manager on macOS, isolated from the rest of your system in its own volume.

  • Usage
    • nix-shell -p <package>: Start a shell with the specified package available
    • nix-shell -p <package> --command <command>: Run a command in a shell with the specified package available
    • nix-shell -p <package> --run <command>: Run a command in a shell with the specified package available and exit
    • nix-store --gc: Garbage collect the Nix store to remove unused packages